Top Warning Signs of Sleep Apnea in Children

Pediatric sleep apnea is a serious medical condition that occurs in many children, without being noticed. It occurs when a child’s breathing stops and starts over and over while sleeping due to a blocked air passage. Sleep apnea in children will not always present with loud snoring or excessive daytime sleepiness, unlike in adults, making it difficult to identify. If left untreated, sleep apnea can result in behavioral problems, poor growth, and cardiac complications.

Parents tend to be the first to realize that something is wrong with their child’s sleep or behavior. Learning the leading signs of pediatric sleep apnea will allow you to act early and ensure your child’s long-term health.

What Is Pediatric Sleep Apnea?

Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a condition where tissues in the throat obstruct the upper airway while sleeping. It inhibits normal airflow and leads to irregular sleep patterns. Pediatric sleep apnea, as reported by the American Academy of Pediatrics, occurs in 1% to 5% of children in the United States. The reasons may be different and include:

• Enlarged adenoids or tonsils
• Obesity
• Family history of sleep disorders
• Craniofacial differences

Warning Signs of Pediatric Sleep Apnea

Parents must watch for some signs which usually remain consistent in most cases of pediatric sleep apnea:

Nighttime Warning Signs

• Noisy, habitual snoring (not constant)
• Mouth breathing at night
• Pauses in breathing with subsequent gasping
• Restless sleeping or strange sleeping positions

• Frequent bedwetting after 5 years
• Night sweats

Red Flags to Look for At Daytime

• Morning difficulty waking up
• Behavioral problems that mimic ADHD
• Irritability or mood swings
• Poor performance in school
• Daytime sleepiness, particularly during quiet activities
• Slower growth than peers

These signs aren’t always evident and can occur in combination with other conditions, so routine dental visits and pediatric assessments are all the more necessary. An orthodontist can see signs within the oral cavity—such as a constricted palate or arched roof of the mouth—that can be indicative of airway issues.

Importance of Early Diagnosis

Pediatric sleep apnea delayed diagnosis has severe consequences. Untreated pediatric sleep apnea, as indicated by the National Sleep Foundation, can result in:

• Developmental delays
• Cardiovascular stress
• Weight gain difficulties
• Poor performance in school due to excessive daytime sleepiness

For families with children who have sleep apnea, it is important to consult a pediatric orthodontist if you observe any signs of disturbed sleep or abnormal daytime behavior. Early identification of the symptoms of pediatric sleep apnea can make your child sleep better, grow healthier, and be more alert during the day.